有効性

The prioritization of U.S. health care personnel for early receipt of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), allowed for the evaluation of the effectiveness of these new vaccines in a real-world setting.[NEJM]

※ efficacy VS effectiveness 「理想環境での効果(efficacy)，実際社会での効果(effectiveness)」の違い

～を考慮すると、 ～を考えると

Given the wide confidence interval for the rate ratio for death from any cause, we cannot rule out the possibility of an increase (or decrease) in risk with an early exercise regimen among some patients.[NEJM]

※ Given+名詞, Given (the fact) that 文　★ "Given that ..." or "Given ..." tends to be said of things that are 100% true.

～に関係がある

We think this line of research is very relevant to the many people who can't make this normone very well and are, clinically, very susceptible to these infection. [Medical Xpress]

直接的・間接的にある事柄に関係しており、それが意味を持つというニュアンス。臨床、診断、治療、研究目的など幅広い文脈で使える。

～ ～に関与する

Reseachers have found that a hormone responsible for controlling iron metabolism helps fight off a severe form of bacterial pneumonia, and ..... [Medical Xpress]

…というよりはむしろ～　

>Further, it appeared that taking more of the drug increased the survival advantage. [WebMD]

※ 名詞の場合は、「more of 名詞 than 名詞」、形容詞の場合は「more 形容詞 than 形容詞」になる

(客観的に) ～のように思える

Further, it appeared that taking more of the drug increased the survival advantage. [WebMD]

指標

High blood pressure is a good indicator of heart disease and stroke risk, but..... [Medical Xpress]

※ a good indicator of ～ ～の良い指標

AがBに与える影響(効果)

He and his colleagues studied the effects of BPS on estrogen receptor-alpha and the BRCA1 gene. [Medical Xpress]

～の(潜在的)可能性を示す

Bisphenol S (BPS), a substitute for the chemical bisphenol A (BPA) in the plastic industry, shows the potential for increasing the aggressiveness of breast cancer through its behavior as an endocrine-disrupting chemical, a new study finds. [Medical Xpress]

有望な

One promising strategy is called oral immunotherapy. [NIH]

～という点において

These cells are different from normal cells, in that they do not die normally.[NIH]

～ ～に関する

Reseachers analyzed hospital data related to the outbreak of Clostridium difficile, a "superbug" gut infection. [HealthDay News]

※ 同) relating to ～

前)～とは違って

Unlike many chemotherapeutic drugs that affect healthy cells as well as malignant ones and can cause undesired side effects, the control of IncRNAs may offer a new way to specifically prevent or slow the progression of malignant cells. [Medical Xpress]

AとBの間には関係がある

The literature shows that there's a relationship between pulse pressure and heart disease. [Medical Xpress]

～かどうか　

Whether this strategy works for other food allergies isn't known. [NIH]

～ と無関係である　

In additional experiments, the team found that the NSAID inhibition of caspase was independent of COX enzymes.[NIH]

調査［検査］の結果 (～ということが判明した)

On examination of the anterior segment, he was found to have multiple brown iris nodules consistent with Lisch nodules. [NEJM]

※ 文頭で用いられた場合

〜で観察される、見られる

Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies were observed in a biopsy specimen, confirming a diagnosis of molluscum contagiosum.[NEJM]

★ biopsy specimen 生検標本/p>

その結果

The company reduced costs; as a result, profits increased.

ある行動や出来事の結果を述べる際に使用される。

〜が原因で

The flight was delayed due to bad weather.

原因や理由を示す際に使用される。

〜と定義される

A circle is defined as a set of points equidistant from a center point.

用語や概念の定義を述べる際に使用される。

〜を指す

The term "biodiversity" refers to the variety of life in all its forms.

特定の用語や概念の意味を説明する際に使用される。